Scale.



' r. H BUGKINGHAM.

SCALE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8, 1911.

Patented J an. 2, 1912.

4SHEETSSHEET 4,

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UNITED STATES PATEN OFFICE.

FREMONT H. BUCKINGI-IAM, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO STANDKRD COM' PUTING SCALE COMPANY, LIMITED, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A LIMITED PAIR-T- NERSHIP.

SCALE.

Application filed May 8,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREMONT H. BUCK- INGHAM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Detroit, in the county of WVayne and State of Michigan, have in-.

vented a new and useful Scale, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to computing scales provided with weight and cost indicating drums, and its object is to provide a drum scale having a load resisting pendulum with levers, and for supporting the levers.

- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the scale. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 .of the main and secondary levers. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail of the rear end of the main lever.' Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the pedestal of the secondary lever. Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is an elevation of a link used in connection with this pedestal. Fig. 9 is a detail of the rack bar and the gear on the drum shaft. Fig. 10 is a cross section on the line 10-1O of Fig. 3. Fig. 11 is a front elevation of a pivot bar. Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are respectively sections on the lines 1212, 13-13 and 14-14 of. Fig. 10. Figs. 15, 16 and 17 are details of the upper end ofthe connection between the main lever and the pendulum.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

As in many scales on the market, the scale show1i in the drawings has a base 1, a platform 2, a pedestal 3 on the base which pedestal carries a cylindrical case 4 having windows 5. ,The case carries bars 6 which support the pivot screws 7, which are the bearings of the shaft 8. On the shaft are the frames 9 which support the drums 10.-

-Ends '11 of the case prevent .damage and Specification of Letters Patent.

as shown in Fig. 15..

Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

Serial No. 625,757.

entrance of dust. The main lever 15 is provided with main knife-edges 16' which rest on the bearings 17 of the supporting brackets 18. The lever.is counterweighted by the mass 19, preferably integral with the levers. The rear arm 14 of the lever is pro- Vided with a knife-edge 20 (Fig. 5) which rests on a bearing 21 carried by a book 22 at the lower end of the rod 23. A second rear arm 24 of the main lever carries a pin 25 to which the lowerv end of the rack bar.

26 connects. The teeth 27 at the upper end mesh with the irregular gear 28 on the shaft 8. The. rack bar may be guided by the adjustable guide block 29 carried by the small frame 30.

, Mounted in the pedestal 3 are bearings 32 which support the knife-edges 33 of the' upper part 42 has outer arms 43 which have downwardlyprojec'ting knife-edges 44, while the lower part 45 has inner arms 46 which have upwardly projecting knife-edges 47. These four knife-edges are .in the same line A small bar 49 (Fig. 17) rests on 'the knife-edges 47 and 1s secured to the cross bar 50 which has bearings 51 for the knifeedges 44. When united, these two parts form a. perfect hinge, practically free from friction. The rod.23 is connected to the cross-bar 50. by a pin52. A secondary lever 53 is suspended on the main lever and has lip-turned knife-edges. 54- which receive the Figs. 10 to 14 inclusive and in Fig. 3. The secondary lever has down-turned knife-edges 60 which rest on bearings 61 of the minor bar 62. Just below these bearings, the minor bar is supplied with knife-edges 63 which rest on bearings '64 carried by the major bar 65. The major bar has bearings 66 at its ends which rest on the knife-edges 67 of the main lever. These two bars constifeet 55 at thefront edge of the platform 2. y 1 The rear feet 57 of the platform rest on the knife-edges 58 of the main lever. The con-'- nection between the two levers is shown in platform to the main ried by a cross-bar 75 at the lower ends of the brackets 76 at the rear end of the base,

just below the central line of the pedestal. Between the main link and the link 72 is a rod 78, connecting at its front end to the minor bar 62 by means of the pin 79, and

at its forked rear end to the link 72 by means of the pins '80. This rod holds the main link parallel to the link 72. The arms of the secondary lever are shown to be of equal length so that the downward pressure on the pivots 67 of the main lever is twice that on the pivots 54; of the secondary lever. In such case, the pivot 67 is midway between the pivots 16 and 58. The vertical, distance between the pivots 60 and 63 is preferably one half that between the bearings of .the link 72, while the pivots 60 and 67 are preferably in the same, line. Similarly, the

pivots 63 are also in the sameline as the pin 79, while the pins 80 are midway between the bearings ofthe link 72. The roportions of these parts may be change as described, the governing factors being the arms of the secondary lever.

Since it is required that equal .increments of weight on the platform shall move the drums through equal angular increments, then the angle through which the drum is required to turn will be a constant times the weight on the platform while the vertical movement of the rod 23'will be a constant times sine of the angle through which-the pendulum turns, as will also be the case of movement of the rack bar 26, if we-neglect the slight angular movements of these rods which in the mechanism shown are long in proportion to the movement of their ends, while the weight on the platform will be a constant times the tangent of the angle through which the pendulum turns; Hence,

' the angle through which? the drum is required to turn is a constant times the tangent of the angle through which the pendulum turns. Therefore, the pitch line of the pinion cannot be a circle.

- The curve of the pitch line of this gear may be termed a double spiral, symmetrical with the diameter in which the major radius vector lies. When the pendulum is vertical and the arm 41 horizontal, the major radius the rack.

vector will be horizontal and in contact with The indicating drum will have turned one half revolution from its zero 'scale-makers art without departing from This formula to take into account all possible theoretical factors would require further correction to compensate for the error arising out of the angular movement of the 5 rods 23 "and 26. -But as the error is usually practically negligible, these factors may be disregarded. This correction may readily be made by a special machine for generating the pinions. Because ofthe bar of the pendulum being in two parts, it can pass the weight rod 38 and the operating rod 23.

Many changes in the details of construction may be made by those skilled in the the spirit of my invention.

Having now explained my construction,- whatI claim as.. my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is s 1. In a scale, the combination of a lever to carry the load, a pendulum, connections between the levera'nd the pendulum, an indicating drum and the shaft therefor, a rack bar connected to the lever, and an eccentric gear on the drum shaft and engaging the rack bar, said gear so formed that the two parts on opposite sides of the major axis are equal. v

' 2. In a scale, the combination of a lever to carry the load, a pendulum, connections between the lever-and the pendulum, a revoluble' indicator, a rack bar connected to the lever, and a gear secured to the revoluble indicator and meshing with the rack bar, said gear formed irregularly and proportioned so that the radius of that point of the pitch line in'contact with the rack bar vary inversely with the angle between the pendulum and the Vertical and so that the two parts on oppositesides of the major axis are equal, r

I 3. In' a scale, the combination of a lever and a pendulum connected thereto, a weight indicator, -a rack bar connected to the lever, and an irregular gear connected to the weight indicator and in mesh with the rack bar, said gear so proportioned that the radius of the pitch line of the teeth so in mesh vary inversely with the angle of the pendulum with the vertical and are of equal length at equal angla on both sides of the major axis. i

4.111 a scale,.the' combination of a -lever, a pendulum normally held in elevated position, connections between the lever and pendulum whereby loads on the scale will cause the pendulum to swing down and then up through a vertical are, a weight indicator, a rack bar connected to the lever, and an irregular gear connected to said indicator and meshing with the rack bar, the radius of the pitch line of the gear in contact with the rack bar decreasing as the pendulum swings either way from the vertical.

5. In a scale, the combination of a lever, a pedestal, a pendulum pivoted thereon, arms connected to said pendulum at right angles thereto, a link connecting the lever to one arm of said pendulum, a counter-weight suspended from the other arm to hold the pendulum normally elevated, a weight indicator,

a rack-bar connected to said lever, an irregular gear connected to said indicator, the-radius of the pitch line of the gear in contact with therack bar varying inversely with the angle between the counter-weight carryingarm and the horizontal.

6. In a scale, the combination of a lever and an indicator connected thereto, a pedestal, bearings mounted thereon, a pendulum supported by the bearings, an arm connected to the pendulum and providedawith a plurality of pivots in line with and facing each other, a rod connected to said lever, and a cross head at the upper end of the rod provided with'opposite bearings for said pivots on' said arm a second'arm connected to the pendulum opposite the first, and a counterweight connected thereto.

7 .-In a scale, the combination of a lever and an indicator connected thereto, a pedestal, bearings mountedthereon, a pendulum supported by the bearings, an arm connected to the pendulum, a pair of plates secured to the arm, each having a plurality of knifeedgepivots and the pivots of the'plates facing each other and forming a straight line, a cross head formed of a lurality of bars each having a plurality of bearings to receive said knife-edge pivots, and a rod conneoting the cross-head to the levers.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. 4 FREMONT H. BUCKINGHAM;

Witnesses:

' GEORGE E. REN'roN,

ELIZABETH M. BROWN. 

